Electrolyte concentrations are carefully maintained to ensure cellular integrity and function while supporting a range of metabolic and physiological functions. Thirty eight (38) hospitalized patients who were diagnosed at Orange Medical Diagnostic Center, Alakahia Rivers State, were the subject of this retrospective case-control study. They were split into two groups: 20 individuals who recovered and discharged (controls) and 18 patients who passed away some days after the laboratory test (cases). Serum concentrations of sodium and potassium were recorded as laboratory data. Potassium and sodium were found to have normal serum values of 3-5.5 mEq/L and 135-150 mEq/L, respectively. Lower values served as the cutoff points for electrolyte depletion that was clinically relevant, while higher levels served as the cutoff points for significant electrolyte concentration increases. The mean age of the 8 (44.4%) females and 10 (55.6%) males in the case group was 54.21 (SD=16.11) years. The control group consisted of 14 (70.0%) males and 6 (30.0%) females, with a mean age of 46.41 (SD=18.51) years. The mean serum sodium levels in patients who were discharged and those who passed away were 140.70 (SD=7.44) mEq/L and 143.11 (SD=14.35) mEq/L, respectively. This difference was not statistically significant, according to an independent t-test (P>0.05). In individuals who passed away, hyponatremia was more prevalent (22.2% vs. 0%). Additionally, individuals who passed away were more associated with hypernatremia (33.3% vs. 0%). Subjects who passed away and those who were discharged had mean serum potassium concentrations of 4.58 (SD=1.16) mEq/L and 3.61 (SD=0.73) mEq/L, respectively. The independent t-test revealed that this difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). Furthermore, assessing serum potassium levels revealed that hyperkalemia was substantially more prevalent in individuals who passed away (11.1% vs. 0%). The prevalence of hyponatremia, hypernatremia, and hyperkalemia among hospitalized patients that later passed away is demonstrated by the study's findings, which are corroborated by a few other investigations. The severity of serum sodium and potassium concentrations continues to be a major predictor of mortality.